Dictionary · Statistics
Measurement precision
Closeness of agreement between indications or measured values from replicate measurements under specified conditions — usually expressed as a standard deviation, variance, or coefficient of variation.
Related terms
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Z-score
A proficiency-testing statistic z = (x − X)/σ_pt comparing a participant result with the assigned value in units of the standard deviation for proficiency assessment; |z| ≤ 2 is conventionally satisfactory.
ISO 13528:2022
Intermediate precision condition
A condition set spanning the same procedure and location over an extended period, allowing other factors (operator, reference standard, time) to vary.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.22
Intermediate measurement precision
Measurement precision under intermediate precision conditions — the realistic "within-lab, over months" figure that belongs in most uncertainty budgets.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.23
Measurement trueness
Closeness of agreement between the average of infinitely many replicate measured values and a reference value. Trueness relates inversely to systematic error, not random error.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.14
Reproducibility condition of measurement
A condition set that includes different locations, operators, and measuring systems applying the same procedure to the same or similar objects.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.24
Gauge R&R
A measurement systems analysis estimating the variation due to the gauge (repeatability) and the operators (reproducibility), commonly expressed as a percentage of total variation or tolerance.
AIAG MSA manual