Dictionary · Statistics
Measurement precision
Closeness of agreement between indications or measured values from replicate measurements under specified conditions — usually expressed as a standard deviation, variance, or coefficient of variation.
Related terms
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Gauge R&R
A measurement systems analysis estimating the variation due to the gauge (repeatability) and the operators (reproducibility), commonly expressed as a percentage of total variation or tolerance.
AIAG MSA manual
Measurement bias
The estimate of a systematic measurement error — typically the difference between the mean of repeated indications and an accepted reference value.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.18
Normalized error (En)
The interlaboratory comparison statistic En = (x − X) / √(U²(x) + U²(X)). |En| ≤ 1 indicates agreement within expanded uncertainties; it is the standard scoring for calibration proficiency tests.
ISO 13528:2022
Intermediate precision condition
A condition set spanning the same procedure and location over an extended period, allowing other factors (operator, reference standard, time) to vary.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.22
Reproducibility condition of measurement
A condition set that includes different locations, operators, and measuring systems applying the same procedure to the same or similar objects.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.24
Intermediate measurement precision
Measurement precision under intermediate precision conditions — the realistic "within-lab, over months" figure that belongs in most uncertainty budgets.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.23