Dictionary · Standards & Units
National measurement standard
A standard recognized by national authority to serve, in a state or economy, as the basis for assigning values to other standards of the same kind.
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Working measurement standard
A standard used routinely to calibrate or verify instruments or systems, itself usually calibrated against a reference standard.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.7
International System of Units (SI)
The system of units based on the ISQ, with unit names, symbols, prefixes, and rules for their use, adopted by the CGPM. Since the 2019 revision all seven base units are defined by fixing the numerical values of seven defining constants.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 1.16
Primary measurement standard
A standard established using a primary reference measurement procedure, or created as an artifact chosen by convention — not calibrated against another standard for the same quantity.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.4
Commutability of a reference material
The property demonstrated by the closeness of agreement between the relation among results for a stated quantity in the RM and the relation among results for representative routine samples, across specified procedures — whether the RM behaves like the real thing.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.15
Quantity calculus
The set of mathematical rules applied to quantities rather than bare numbers — the algebra by which units propagate through equations.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 1.21
Standard reference data
Reference data issued by a recognized authority — the CODATA constants and NIST standard reference databases are the working examples.
VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.17