Calibration Services Users Guide

1 Page 1 iiisicHUByTionummmuguide Electromagnetic pticalRadiation Meclianicah imensiona! CHUBRHTIOOSERVICES onizingRadiation f/t QC 100r Open at page → 2 Page 2 fnERSUREfllfflTSERVICES O Calibrations StandardReferenceMaterials Standard ReferenceData LegalMetroloovServices StandardsandCodeInformation Q laboratoryAccreditation Q IndustrialPartnerships Open at page → 3 Page 3 NISTCalibrationServicesUsersGuide1998 J.L.Marshall,Editor CalibrationProgram OfficeofMeasurementServices TechnologyServices NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology Gaithersburg,MD20899-0001 U.S.DepartmentofCommerce Wil... Open at page → 4 Page 4 NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology SpecialPublication250,1998Edition Natl.Inst.Stand.Techno!.,Spec.Publ.250,1998Ed., 228pages(RevisedJan.1998) U.S.GOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICE WASHINGTON:1998 ForsalebytheSuperintenden... Open at page → 5 Page 5 Foreword TheNISTCalibrationServicesUsersGuideprovidesdetaileddescriptionsoftheNISTcalibra- tionservices,special-testservices,andmeasurementassuranceprogramscurrentlyavailableas ofthefourthquarterof1997.Thisrevisededition... Open at page → 6 Page 6 Abstract TheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)CalibrationServicesUsersGuide providesdetaileddescriptionsofNISTcalibrationservices,measurementassuranceprograms, andspecial-testservicescurrentlyavailable.Thefo... Open at page → 7 Page 7 Acknowledgments ManyNISTstaffmemberscontributedtothedevelopmentandpreparationofthisguide.Over 50membersoftheNISTtechnicalstaffcontributeddataandinformationthathavebeenincor- poratedintotheguide.SpecialthanksgotoJohnMayo-... Open at page → 8 Page 8 ListofTables Table Page 5.1UncertaintyoftheNISTLowVelocityAirflowMeasurementFacility 33 5.2UncertaintyoftheNISTAirflowMeasurementCapabilitiesintheDual Test-SectionWindTunnels 33 5.3TypicalExpandedUncertaintiesforPressure... Open at page → 9 Page 9 Table Page 8.10UncertaintiesforBeta-ParticleSourceandInstrumentCalibrations 108 9.1 TemperatureandCurrentLevelsforCustomer'sResistors 114 9.2 CalibrationUncertaintiesforDCResistanceStandards 115 9.3 CalibrationUncertaint... Open at page → 10 Page 10 ListofFigures Figure Page 5.1 TraceabilitytotheSIUnitofMass 35 5.2NIST'sRelativeExpandedUncertaintiesforNormalCalibrationsof MassStandards 35 5.3RelationshipofForcetoSIUnits 39 6.1UncertaintiesoftheNISTLow-PressureandVac... Open at page → 11 Page 11 Contents Chapter1— Policies A.Introduction 1 B.TypesofServices 1 C.OtherNISTMeasurementTransferStandards 1 D.CriteriaforQualityAssurance 3 E.Fees 3 F.ReportsofCalibration/TestResults 3 G.Traceability 3 H.NISTPolicyonRepo... Open at page → 12 Page 12 A.4OtherLengthStandards 18 100508 SpecialTestsofLengthStandards A.5Sieves 19 10060S SpecialTestsofSieves A.6AlgorithmsTestingandEvaluationProgramforCoordinate 20 MeasuringSystems 10070S-10071S SpecialTestofCMSSoftware: N... Open at page → 13 Page 13 SurfaceTexture 30 150IOC RoughnessCalibrationSpecimens 15020C SurfaceRoughnessComparisonSpecimens 15030C StepHeightCalibrationSpecimens 1504OS SpecialRoughnessTests H.Hydrometers 31 16010C ,ReferenceStandardHydrometers I... Open at page → 14 Page 14 E.ForceMeasurements 23010C-23250C ForceTransducers 23260S SpecialTestsofForceTransducers 43 F.VibrationMeasurements 46 24010C-24030C PickupSensitivity 24040S SpecialShockMeasurements 24050S SpecialTestsofPickupSensitivit... Open at page → 15 Page 15 B.LowPressure,Vacuum,andLeakMeasurements 59 30010C-30011C Low-PressureTransducer 30020C-30021C DifferentialLow-PressureTransducer 30025C Ball-TypeDeadweightTester 30029C-30031C SpinningRotorGages 30032S SpecialTestsofSpi... Open at page → 16 Page 16 F.RadianceTemperatureMeasurements 73 35010C-35040C RadianceTemperatureStandard,Disappearing FilamentOpticalPyrometer 35050C-35060C RadianceTemperatureStandard,RibbonFilament Lamp 35070S SpecialTestsofRadiationThermometer... Open at page → 17 Page 17 C.Spectroradiometric Measurements 86 C.lSpectroradiometric SourceMeasurements 39010C-39030C SpectralRadianceLamps 39040C-39050C SpectralIrradianceLamps 39060S SpecialTestsofRadiometricSources C.lSpectroradiometric Detect... Open at page → 18 Page 18 42165S SpecialTestforSpatialUniformityofLaserand OpticalFiberPowerMeters(orDetectors) 42170S SpecialTestforGeneralLaserMeasurements 421SOS SpecialTestforGeneralOpticalFiberPower Measurements Chapter8— IonizingRadiationMe... Open at page → 19 Page 19 49020C-49030C DoseInterpretationofNISTTransferDosimeters IrradiatedbyCustomer 49040S SpecialTestsofDosimetersbyReadingwith Spectrophotometer 49041S Spectrophotometric ReadingsofDosimeters, Ultra-VioletandVisibleSpectrumS... Open at page → 20 Page 20 C.VoltageMeasurements 140 C.lDCVoltageMeasurementsandStandards 5311OS SpecialDCVoltageMeasurements 53120M MeasurementAssuranceProgramforDCVoltage 53130C-53131C SaturatedStandardCell 53140C PlatinumResistanceThermometerTe... Open at page → 21 Page 21 D.3CapacitiveDividers 158 5431OS CapacitiveDividers,60-HzMeasurements 5431IS CapacitiveDividers,PulsedHigh-Voltage Conditions DAMixedDividers 159 5441OS PulseVoltageMeasuringSystems,Including KerrCells D.5 VoltageandCurr... Open at page → 22 Page 22 G.3HighAccuracyAttenuationMeasurements 177 613IOC CoaxialFixedandVariableAttenuators 61320C WaveguideBelow-Cutoff(Piston)Attenuators 61330S AttenuationMeasurementsofThree-Portand Two-PortDevices 61350C CoaxialFixedandVar... Open at page → 23 Page 23 I.PulseWaveformMeasurements 189 65100S ImpulseSpectrumAmplitude 65200S FastRepetitivePulseTransitionParameters 65250S FastRepetitivePulseSettlingParameters 65300S NetworkImpulseResponse(TransferFunction) ofCoaxialNetwork... Open at page → 24 Page 24 Chapter A Introduction BTypesofServices COtherNISTMeasurementTransferStandards DCriteriaforQualityAssurance EFees FReportsofCalibration/Test Results GTraceability HNISTPolicyonReportingMeasurementUncertainty /NISTPolicyR... Open at page → 25 Page 25 Policies Introduction ThecalibrationservicesoftheNational InstituteofStandardsandTechnology (NIST)aredesignedtohelpthemakers andusersofprecisioninstruments achievethehighestpossiblelevelsof measurementqualityandproductiv... Open at page → 26 Page 26 StandardReferenceMaterials Program(SRMP) Calibrationassistanceandalternative pathsfortraceabilityareprovidedby NIST'sStandardReferenceMaterials Program.Forexamples: Chemicalmeasurementinstruments arenotcalibratedatNIST,b... Open at page → 27 Page 27 D CriteriaforQuality Assurance Allthemeasurementserviceslistedin thisdocumentmeetrigorouscriteriafor qualityassurance.CalibrationServices andMAPssatisfythemostdemanding andexplicitrequirements inthattheyare carriedoutreg... Open at page → 28 Page 28 NIST,otheruncertaintiesareinherentin theinstrument,associatedwiththe methodorprotocolinusingtheinstru- ment,withtheoperatoroftheinstrument, andwiththephysicalenvironment(pres- sure,temperature,humidity,etc.)in whichtheme... Open at page → 29 Page 29 Theuncertaintyofameasurement consistsoftwocategoriesofcomponents: "TypeA"arethoseuncertaintiesevalu- atedbystatisticalmethods,and"TypeB" uncertaintiesareevaluatedbyother means,usuallyscientificjudgmentusing allrelevantin... Open at page → 30 Page 30 Chapter ACustomerInquiries BPrearrangementsandScheduling CPurchaseOrders DShipping,Insurance,andRiskofLoss ETurnaroundTime FCustomerChecklist Open at page → 31 Page 31 OrderingInstructions—DomesticCustomers J^j^ CustomerInquiries Generalcustomerinquiriesforinforma- tionorclarificationsabouttheNISTcali- brationservicesmaybedirectedas indicatedinSectionLofChapter 1 . SPrearrangements and... Open at page → 32 Page 32 D Shipping,Insurance, andRiskofLoss Shiptheinstrumentorstandardtothe maiUngaddressofthetechnicalgroup providingtheservice.Pleasenotethat themailingaddressisnotthesamefor alltechnicalgroups. Pleaseadhererigorouslytothefol... Open at page → 33 Page 33 CustomerChecklistforOrderingNISTCalibrationServices "'1-0^ i . IsformationOhtsvmp<1fw»»nVI«!T TecbiiiralCoi '^^^^ Comments NISTContact(name/telephone) Providethisinformationonyourpurchaseorder(po) Istheserviceavailable?... Open at page → 34 Page 34 Chapter AForeignInquiries BCriteriaforProvidingService OSpecialInstructions DShippingCharges Open at page → 35 Page 35 SpecialInstructions—ForeignCustomers ForeignInquiries Foreigncustomersshouldaddressall inquiriesto: CalibrationProgram NationalInstituteofStandardsand Technology Building820,Room236 Gaithersburg,MD20899-0001 UnitedStates... Open at page → 36 Page 36 MoneyOrders&PrepaymentChecks ChecksmadepayabletotheNational InstituteofStandardsandTechnology (NIST)shouldbemailedto: NationalInstituteofStandardsand Technology CalibrationProgram Building820,Room236 Gaithersburg,MD20899... Open at page → 37 Page 37 I I I I i Open at page → 38 Page 38 Chapter ALengthMeasurements BDiameterMeasurements CComplexDimensionalStandards DOpticalReferencePlanesandRoundnessStandards EAngularMeasurements FLaserMeasurements GSurfaceTeUure HHydrometers 1 VolumeandDensity Open at page → 39 Page 39 DimensionalMeasurements A LengthMeasurements* A.IGageBlocks TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanrield TO:301/975-3471 email:eric.stanrield@nlsLgov HowardH.Harary TO:3017975-3485 email:hharay@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building220,... Open at page → 40 Page 40 10020C A LengthMeasurements A.2LineStandards TechnicalContact: WilliamPenzes Tfel:301/975-3477 email:wpenzes@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomAl17, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology, Gaithersburg,MD20899-0... Open at page → 41 Page 41 10030C-10040S A LengthMeasurements A.3SurveyingTapes TechnicalContact: RonaldG.Hartsock Tel:301/975-3465 email:rhartsock@ni$t.gov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomBUS, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology, Gaithersbur... Open at page → 42 Page 42 10050S I A LengthMeasurements A.4OtherLengthStandards TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanfield TO:301/975-3471 email:eric.$tanfield@nisLgov HowardH.Harary Ttl:301/975-3485 email:hharary@nistgov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomB... Open at page → 43 Page 43 KX)60S ^1 LengthMeasurements mA.5Sieves* TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanfield HowardH.Harary Tfel:301/J75-3471 Ttl:301/975-3485 email:eric.stanfleld@nisLgov email:hhararyf^nistgov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomB113, Natio... Open at page → 44 Page 44 10070S-10081S ^1 LengthMeasurements A.6AlgorithmsTestingandEvaluation ProgramforCoordinateMeasuring Systems TechnicalContacts: CathleenDiazPluguez CraigM.Shakarji Tfel:301/975-2889 Tel:301/975-3545 email:cdpIuguez@ni$tgo... Open at page → 45 Page 45 10070S;-ioo8is References—AlgorithmTestingand EvaluationProgramforCoordinate MeasuringSystems MethodsforPerformanceEvaluationof CoordinateMeasuringSystemSoft- ware,ASMEB89.4.10-199X,ASME, NewYork,NY(1997). AlgorithmTesti... Open at page → 46 Page 46 11010S-11060S DiameterMeasurements TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanneld HowardH.Harary Tfel:301/975-3471 Tel:301/975-3485 email:eric.stanfield@nisLgov email:hharary@ni$t.gov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomBl13, NationalInst... Open at page → 47 Page 47 11010S-11060S SpecialTestsofLengthandDiameter (llOSOS) NISThasawidevarietyofstate-of-the- artmetrologyequipmentandcanprovide servicesassociatedwithdimensional qualitycontrolasspecialtests.Athree- dimensionalmeasuringmach... Open at page → 48 Page 48 12010C-12040S c. ComplexDimensionalStandards TechnicalContacts: EdgarG.Erber 12010C-12020S TO:301/975-3473 email:edgar.erber@ nistgov DennisEverett 10210C-12040S Tel:301A>75-3472 email:dennis.everett@ nisLgov HowardHarar... Open at page → 49 Page 49 12010C:-12040S SpecialTestsofThreadedPlugand RingGages(12020S) NISTwillprovidespecialtestsof threadedplugandringgagesintheareas listedforAPIgages(12010C).Theaccu- racyofthesecalibrations isdetermined substantiallybythequ... Open at page → 50 Page 50 13010S-13030S D. OpticalReferencePlanes&Roundness Standards TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanfield Tel:30iy97S-3471 email:eric.stanfield® nistgov HowardHarary Tfel:301A>75-3485 email:hharary@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building2... Open at page → 51 Page 51 14010C-1 AngularMeasurements TechnicalContacts: EricS.Stanfleld HowardHarary Tel:301/975-3471 1^1:301/975-3485 email:ericstanfield© email:hharary@ni$t.gov nistgov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomBl13 NationalInstituteofSt... Open at page → 52 Page 52 14010C-14050C SpecialTestsofOpticalWedges (14040S) Opticalwedgesarecalibratedusingan autocollimator,areflectingtarget,the testwedgeandarepeatedreversal measurement series.Fixedangleand adjustablewedgescanbecalibrated. Th... Open at page → 53 Page 53 LaserMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JackStone HowardH.Harary Tfel:301/975-5638 Tel:301/975-3485 email:jack.$tone@nisLgov email:hhrary@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building220,RoomBl13 NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnolog... Open at page → 54 Page 54 15010C-15040S G. SurfaceTexture TechnicalContact: CharlesD.Foreman Tel:301A»7S-5836 Email:€harles.foreman@nistgov MailingAddress: Building220,RoomA117, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology, Gaithersburg,MD20899-0001... Open at page → 55 Page 55 16010C H. Hydrometers TechnicalContacts: JohnF.Houser Tel:301/97S-S9S6 Email:john.houser@ nistgov VernE.Bean Tel:301/975-4830 Email:vern.bean@ nistgov GeorgeE.Mattingly Ttl:301/975-5939 Email:gmaUingly@ nistgov MailingAd... Open at page → 56 Page 56 17010C-17040S /. VolumeandDensity TechnicalContacts: JohnF.Houser 301/975-5956 Email:john.houser@ nisLgov VernE.Bean Tfel:301/975-4830 Email:\crn.bean@ nistgov GeorgeE.Mattingly Tfel:301/975-5939 Email:george.mattingly@... Open at page → 57 Page 57 17010C-17040S SpecialTestsofDensityLiquids* (17040S) CurrentlyNISTisinvolvedinaresearch projecttoimproveitscapabilitiestomea- sureliquiddensity.Contactthetechnical contactscitedabove. References—VolumeandDensity Measurem... Open at page → 58 Page 58 Chapter AFlowMeasurements BFlowMeasurements atCryogenicTemperatures CAirspeedInstruments DMassStandards EForceMeasurements FVibrationMeasurements GAcousticMeasurements HUltrasonicReferenceBlockMeasurements I UltrasonicTr... Open at page → 59 Page 59 MechanicalMeasurements 18O1OC-18O50S FlowMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JohnD.Wright GeorgeE.Mattingly Tfel:301/975-5937 Tel:301/975-5939 Email:john.wright@nisLgov Email:george.mattingly@nistgov MailingAddress:Building2... Open at page → 60 Page 60 3.5X10"'mVminto1.5mVmin (0.01gal/minto400gal/min).Therela- tiveexpandeduncertainty*forthehydro- carbonflowsystemis0.12%.Preferred pipingconnectionsareAJNfittings,ASA 150lbflanges,andNationalPipe Threadsupto7.6cm(3in)indi... Open at page → 61 Page 61 18800S B. FlowMeasurements atCryogenic Temperatures JenniferL.Scott Tfel:303/497-3684 Email:jennifer^ott@ nistgov Fax:303/497-5224 TechnicalContacts: PaulaM.Hewitt AdministrationandLogistics Ttl:303/497-3753 Email:paula.... Open at page → 62 Page 62 19010C-19040S a AirspeedInstruments TechnicalContacts: JamesMichaelHall Tfel:3017975-5947 Email:j.hall@ nistgov VernE.Bean Tel:301/975-4830 Email:vern.bean@ nistgov GeorgeE.Mattingly Tel:301/975-5939 Email:george.matting... Open at page → 63 Page 63 22010C-22180M D. MassStandards TechnicalContact: JerryG.Keller Tfel:301/975-4218 Email:jerry.keller@ nisLgov WilliamE.Crupe Ttl:301/975-4215 Email:wcrupe@ nistgov ZeinaJ.Jabbour Tel:301/975-4468 Email:zeina.jabbour@ nist... Open at page → 64 Page 64 'I' 22010C-22180M BIPM IiternitionilPrototypeKilogm (Pt-Ir) USPriati7Nit K (Pt ionilStiidtrd 21 -Ir) USSccoid (StllDl EI,E2, RLJ/ trySUidirdi MStetl) D2,Ckyo ,RL/// NISTWorkiigStiidirdi (StaiilcMSteel) B1,B2 MISTWorUaiSl... Open at page → 65 Page 65 22010C-22180M SpecialMassMeasurementServices (22170S) Fortestsnotcoveredbytheprevious descriptions,theNISTtechnicalcontact citedatthebeginningofthissectionshould beconsultedtodeterminewhetheratest canbeperformedandtoobta... Open at page → 66 Page 66 22010C-22180M PhaseIII:Acomprehensivereportis issuedbyNISTcontainingareviewofthe actionsanddecisionsineachofthephases, controlchartsforthecheck:standardstobe usedintheparticipant'sfacihty,andacom- parisonofthevaluesassig... Open at page → 67 Page 67 23010C-23260S ForceMeasurements TechnicalContacts: RickL.Seifarth ThomasW.Bartel SimoneL.Yaniv Tfel:301/975-6652 Tel:301/975-6461 Ttl:301/975-6655 Email:ricky^ifarth@ Email:tbartel@ Email:$imone.yaniv@ nistgov nistgov ni... Open at page → 68 Page 68 23010C-23260S CoVnparisoncalibrationsintherange of4448226Nto53378659N (1000001Ibfto12000000Ibf)in compressiononlyareperformedina universaltestingmachine.Inthiscase, thesystemtobecalibrated isloadedin serieswithloadcellst... Open at page → 69 Page 69 23010C-23260S MetrologicalRegulationsforLoadCells, OIMLRecommendation No.60,Intl. Org.forLegalMetrol.,Paris1991(E). ANewStatisticalModelfortheCalibra- tionofForceSensors,C.RReeve, Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.)Tech.Note 1246(June... Open at page → 70 Page 70 24010C-24060S VibrationMeasurements TechnicalContacts: BeverlyF.Payne CharlesO.Schoemaker DavidJ.Evans Tel:301/975-6639 Tel:301/975-6694 (24040S) Email:beverly.payne@ Email:cshoemaker@ Tfel:301/975-6637 nistgov nistgov E... Open at page → 71 Page 71 24010C-24060S Forexample,aninterferometercalibra- tionforfrequencieslessthan2Hzor greaterthan10kHzcanbeperformed onrequest.Consultwiththetechnical contactscitedatthebeginningofthis section. References—VibrationMeasuremen... Open at page → 72 Page 72 25010C-25070S G, AcousticMeasurements TechnicalContacts: VictorNedzelnitsky Tel:301/975-6638 Email:vnedzelnit5ky@ nistgov DavidJ.Evans Tel:301/975-6637 Email:david.evans@nistgov MailingAddress:Building233,RoomA147, Natio... Open at page → 73 Page 73 25010C-25070S Therefore,forthemostdemandingfree- fieldmeasurementrequirements,NIST offersacalibrationservice(ServiceID No.25050C)fordeterminingthefree- fieldresponselevelsforhalf-inchmicro- phones.Thecalibrationsaremade... Open at page → 74 Page 74 AcousticalPropertiesoftheNational BureauofStandardsAnechoicCham- ber,W.KoidanandG.R.Hruska, J.Acoust.Soc.Am.64(2),501(Aug. 1978). edgeDesignfortheNationalBureauof StandardsAnechoicChamber, W.Koidan,G.R.Hruska,andM.A. Pic... Open at page → 75 Page 75 26030S-26070S UltrasonicReferenceBlockMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JohnA.Slotwinski GeraldV.Blessing TbI:301/975-2171 Tel:301/975-6627 Email:jslotwinski@ni$tgov Email:gble$sing@ni$t.gov MailingAddress:Building233,Room... Open at page → 76 Page 76 TheEvaluationofSearchUnitsUsedfor UltrasonicReferenceBlockCalibrations, D.J.ChwirutandG.D.Boswell,Natl. Bur.Stand.(U.S.),NBSIR78-1454 (Feb.1978). ImprovedUltrasonicStandardReference Blocks,G.F.Sushinsky,D.G.Eitzen, D.J.C... Open at page → 77 Page 77 26100C /. UltrasonicTransducerMeasurements TechnicalContacts: StevenE.Pick TO:301/975-6629 Email:sfick@nisLgov GeraldV.Blessing Ttl:301/975-6627 Email:gblessing@nistgov MailingAddress:Building233,RoomA147, NationalInstit... Open at page → 78 Page 78 26200C AcousticEmissionTransducerMeasurements TechnicalContacts: StevenE.Fick GeraldV.Blessing Tfel:301/975-6629 Ttl:301A»75-6627 Email:snck@nistgov Email:gblessing@nistgov MailingAddress:Building233,RoomA147, NationalIn... Open at page → 80 Page 80 PressureMeasurements LowPressure,Vacuum,andLeakMeasurements LaboratoryandIndustrial-GradeThermometers Thermocouples,ThermocoupleMaterials,and ThermometerIndicators ResistanceThermometry RadianceTemperatureMeasurements Hu... Open at page → 81 Page 81 ThermodynamicQuantities 2901OC-2904OS A. PressureMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JamesW.Schmidt (allservices) Tel.:301/975-2458 Email:jschmidt@ni$tgov R.GregoryDriver (pneumaticgages) 290IOC,29030C,29035C, 29040S ftl:301... Open at page → 82 Page 82 29010C-29040S AnIntercomparisonofPressureStan- dardsintheHydraulicPressureRegion upto28MPabetweenNPL(India) andNIST(USA),J.K.N.Sharma, K.K.Jain,C.D.Ehrlich,J.Res.Natl. Inst.Stand.Technol.(1994). ElasticDistortionCalculat... Open at page → 83 Page 83 3OO1OC-30O63S B. Low-Pressure,Vacuum,andLeak Calibrations TechnicalContacts: Ren-FangChang 30029C-30032C, 30050S Tfel:301/975-2446 Email:renchang@ nistgov ArchieMiiller 30010C-3002SC, 30040S, 1tl:301A>75-5932 Email:archi... Open at page → 84 Page 84 30010C-30063S Pressuremeasuringdevicesacceptedfor calibrationgenerallyfallintothreecat- egories.Thefirstareabsolutepressure transducersordifferentialpressure transducersthatareoperatedrelativeto vacuum,suchascapacitanced... Open at page → 85 Page 85 30010C-30063S ionizationgageswithtungstenfilaments andmountedonnon-rotatable2.75in "Conflat"typeflanges*(30038C).These willbecalibratedwiththeuser'selec- tronics. SpecialTestsofLow-PressureGages (30040S) Instrumentsrequi... Open at page → 86 Page 86 30010C-3(X)63S o 10 -9 Pressure(Torr)(log) -7 -6 .5 -4 .3-2-10 1 £ .3 -a o o c « -5 a K Ul TransitionRange VacuumStandard HighandUltrahigh VacuumStandard Ultrasonic iDterferometer Manometer -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2... Open at page → 87 Page 87 300lOC-:-30063S Long-termstabilityofBayard-Alpert gageperformance:Resultsobtained fromrepeatedcalibrationsagainstthe NISTprimaryvacuumstandard,A.R. Filippelli,andRJ.Abbott,J.Vac.Sci. Technol.A13,2582(1995) Influenceofthe... Open at page → 88 Page 88 31010C-31260S a LaboratoryandIndustrial-Grade Thermometers* TechnicalContact: C.DawnVaughn Tel:301/975-4822 Email:c.vaughn@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building221,RoomB128, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology, Gaithers... Open at page → 89 Page 89 31010C-3126OS Ikble6.2.CalibrationUncertaintiesforTotalImmersion Thermometers TypeofThermometer Range Expanded Uncertainty* (°C) Mercury-in-glass 0to100 (graduations: 0.1°Cor0.2°C) Mercury-in-glass 0to300 (graduations:l°... Open at page → 90 Page 90 32010C-32150S D Thermocouples,ThermocoupleMaterials, andThermometerIndicators** TechnicalContacts: DeanC.Ripple 32010C-321S0S TeU301/975-4801 Email:dripple@ nistgov KarenGarrity 32010C-32101C,32150S Tel:301/975-4818 Emai... Open at page → 91 Page 91 32010C-32150S ComparisonCalibrationofThermocouplesor ThermocoupleMaterialsTestedagainstPt ThermoelectricStandard,TemperatureMeasured withPlatinumResistanceThermometer,Minimum TCWireLength1.0m,2PointMinimum Service IDNo.... Open at page → 92 Page 92 yieldthespecifiedexpandeduncertainty* orifitpossessesunusualcharacteris- ticsthatwouldpreventtheperformance ofthecalibrationortestatareason- ablecost.Onlyunusedbase-metalther- mocouplesandthermocouplematerials willbeacce... Open at page → 93 Page 93 33010C-33380M £ ResistanceThermometry WestonL.Tfew 0.65Kto84K 1^1:301/975-4811 Email:wtew@ni$tgov TechnicalContacts: GregoryF.Strouse 83Kto962°C Tfel:301/975-4803 Email:gstrou$e@ni$Lgov MailingAddress:Building221,RoomB12... Open at page → 94 Page 94 33010C-33380M 0.65Kto26K,usingtheNIST-main- tainedITS-90,isbasedonasetofrefer- encecapsule-typeRIRTs.Theexpanded uncertaintyofthosecalibrations isgiven inTable6.4.ExtendedrangeRIRT calibrations,fortemperaturesgreaterthan... Open at page → 95 Page 95 33010C-33380M MeasurementAssuranceProgramfor Temperature(33370Mand33380M) ThepurposeofthisMeasurement AssuranceProgram(MAP)istoassure theaccuracyofthecalibrationoftem- peraturestandards(83Ktoeither420°C or661°C)conducted... Open at page → 96 Page 96 RealizationoftheITS-90Below83.8K attheNationalInstituteofStandards andTechnology,E.R.Pfeiffer,Tem- perature.ItsMeasurementandCon- trolinScienceandIndustry,J.F. Schooley,Ed.,6,155-160,Amer. Inst.Phys.,NewYork,NY(1992). Th... Open at page → 97 Page 97 35010C-35070S RadianceTemperatureMeasurements TechnicalContact: CharlesE.Gibson Ttl:301/975-2329 Fax:301/869-5700 Email:cgibson@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building221,RoomB208, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology, Gai... Open at page → 98 Page 98 Ribbonfilamentlampsarecalibratedus- ingtheNISTphotoelectricpyrometer. Calibrationreportsareissuedgivingthe radiancetemperatureofthetestlamp at655.3nmversusdirectcurrentforthe temperaturerange800°Cto2300°C. Theradiationth... Open at page → 99 Page 99 35010C-35070S NBSMeasurementServices:Radiance TemperatureCalibrations,W.R. Waters,J.H.Walker,andA.T. Hattenburg,Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.), Spec.Publ.250-7(Oct.1987). ApplicationsofRadiationThermome- try,J.C.RichmondandD.RDew... Open at page → 100 Page 100 36010C-36070S HumidityMeasurements TechnicalContacts: PeterH.Huang JosephT.Hodges GregoryE.Scace Tel:301/975-2621,or2626 Ttl:301/975-2605 Ttl:301/975-2626 Email:phuang@ni$t.gov Email:jo$eph.hodges@ Email:gregory.scace@ n... Open at page → 101 Page 101 360IOC:-36070S References—HumidityMeasurements Thermodynamic PropertiesofMoistAir Containing1000to5000PPMvof WaterVapor,RH.Huang,NISTIR 5241,43-51(Apr.1993). NISTCalibrationServicesforHumidity Measurement,RH.Huang,NISTIR... Open at page → 102 Page 102 Chapter A PhotometricMeasurements BOpticalPropertiesofMaterialsMeasurements CSpectroradiometricMeasurements DRadiometricStandardsintheFarUltraviolet ELasersandOptoelectronicComponentsUsedwithLasers Open at page → 103 Page 103 OpticalRadiationMeasurements 37010C-37110S A PhotometricMeasurements* TechnicalContacts: YoshiOhno Tel:301/975-2321 Email:ohno@nist.gov MagdalenaNavarro Tel:301/975-2130 Email:mnavarro@nist.gov Fax:301/840-8551 MailingAd... Open at page → 104 Page 104 rangefrom2000Kto3200K.Theex- pandeduncertainty*ofthiscalibration is4Kto11Kintherangefrom2000K to3200K. SpecialTestsforColorTemperature ofSubmittedLamps(37050S) NISTwillcalibratethecolortempera- tureofincandescentlampswit... Open at page → 105 Page 105 37010C-37110S performedwithwhitelight(==6500K) fromaxenonstrobelightintherangeof 1Ix • sto100Ix • sandwithredlight usinganAviationRedfilter.Therelative expandeduncertainty*ofcalibration is ~1%orlargerdependingontheperfor... Open at page → 106 Page 106 38010C-38080M e OpticalPropertiesofMaterials Measurements* TechnicalContacts: p.YvonneBarnes 38010C-38060S TO:301/975-2345 Email:yvonne.barnes@nistgov Fax:3017840-8551 EdwardA.Early 38070M-38080M Tel.:301/975-2343 Email:... Open at page → 107 Page 107 38010C-38080M willbegivenandwilldependonthe opticalcharacteristicsofthesubmitted specimensandwhetheraprimaryor transferinstrument isusedtoperformthe measurement. MeasurementAssuranceProgramsfor Retroreflectance(38070M-38... Open at page → 108 Page 108 geometryandthetypeofretroreflectors. TheNISTexpandeduncertaintyfor luminoustransmittanceofthecolored glassfiltersvariesupto0.002. MeasurementAssuranceProgram forTVansmittance(38080M) TheTransmittanceMeasurementAs- suranc... Open at page → 109 Page 109 38010C-38080M NBSMeasurementServices:Regular SpectralTransmittance,K.L. Eckerle,J.J.Hsia,K.D.Mielenz, andV.R.Weidner,Natl.Bur.Stand. (U.S.),Spec.Publ.250-6(July1987). WhiteOpalGlassDiffuseSpectral ReflectanceStandardsfor... Open at page → 110 Page 110 39010C-39060S a Spectroradiometric Measurements C.1Spectroradiometric Source Measurements TechnicalContact: CharlesE.Gibson Ttl:301/975-2329 Email:cgibson@nist.gov Fax:301/869-5700 MailingAddress:Building221,RoomB208, Na... Open at page → 111 Page 111 39010C-39060S 200 600 1000 1400 1800 Wavelength(nm) 2200 2600 Figure7.1.MeasurementUncertaintyforNISTSpectral RadianceCalibrations. primarilyforthespectralregion 200nmto250nm.Therelativeexpanded uncertainty* inrelativesp... Open at page → 112 Page 112 39010C-39060S ResultsofaCCPRIntercomparisonof SpectralIrradianceMeasurementsby NationalLaboratories, J.H.Walker, R.D.Saunders,J.K.Jackson,and K.D.Mielenz,J.Res.Natl.Inst. Stand.Technol.96,647(1991). The1990NISTScalesofTh... Open at page → 113 Page 113 39071S-39090S a SpectroradiometricMeasurements C.2Spectroradiometric Detector Measurements TechnicalContacts: SallyS.Bruce 39071S-39081S Tel:301/975-2323 Email:sally.bruce@ nistgov Fax:301/869-5700 ThomasC.Larason 39071S... Open at page → 114 Page 114 39071S-39090S Thespectralresponsivity ismeasuredat radiantpowerlevelsoflessthan1jxW. Thebandpassofthemeasurement is 4nm.Therelativeexpandeduncertainty* rangesfrom0.7%to7%orgreater, dependingonthewavelengthandthe individu... Open at page → 115 Page 115 39071S-39090S Ikble7.2.DetectorMeasurementServicesUncertainties* ExpandedUncertainty RelativeEstimatedUncertainty*SStest/Stkst[%] Wavelength UV100(UV) S1337 xjIIj[syiK.) invjraAS [nm] (Visible) 200 13.10 250 1.42 300 2.5... Open at page → 116 Page 116 ANationalMeasurementSystemfor Radiometry,Photometry,andPyrome- tryBaseduponAbsoluteDetectors, A.C.Parr,Natl.Inst.Stand.Technol., Tech.Note1421(1996). DevelopingQualitySystemDocumenta- tionBasedonANSI/NCSLZ540-1- 1994—The... Open at page → 117 Page 117 39010S-39090S DetectorSpectralResponsefrom350to 1200nmUsingaMonochromator BasedSpectralComparator,A. Corrons,andE.F.Zalewski,Natl.Bur. Stand.(U.S.),Tech.Note988(1978). SpectralRadiometry:ANewApproach BasedonElectro-Optic... Open at page → 118 Page 118 40010C-40040S D RadiometricStandardsintheFarUltraviolet D.IStandardSources TechnicalContact: TerrellMoore Tel:3017975-3229 Email:tmoore@nist.gov MailingAddress:Building221,RoomA167, NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnol... Open at page → 119 Page 119 400IOC:-40040S region.Typicalvaluesofthespectral radianceareasfollows:at250nm, La=30mWcm~^nni ' sr"';andat 150nm.La=3mWcm"^nm ' sr"'. Thetransmissionofthedemountable lampwindowandthatofanadditional MgF2windowaredetermine... Open at page → 120 Page 120 40510C-40599S D RadiometricStandardsintheFarUltraviolet «D.2StandardDetectorsinthe FarUltraviolet TechnicalContact: L.RandallCanfield Tel:301/975-3728 Email:r.canfield@ni$tgov MailingAddress:Building245,RoomB119, Nationa... Open at page → 121 Page 121 405lOC- Specialdetectorsthatdonotlendthem- selvestoconvenienton-sitecross-calibra- tionmayalsobecalibratedatNISTifthe detectorsmeritradiometricapplication andiftheNISTcalibrationfacilitiesare suitableandavailableforthepa... Open at page → 122 Page 122 42110C-42180S E LasersandOptoelectronicComponents UsedwithLasers TechnicalContacts: ThomasR.Scott Ttl:303/497-3651 Emai!:thomas^cott @nistgov ChristopherL.Cromer (LaserRadiometry) Tel:303/497-5620 Email:Christopher. crom... Open at page → 123 Page 123 42110C-42180S Wavelengthrangesofinterestaregener- allycenteredon850nm,1300nm,and 1550nm.Inadditiontopowermeasure- mentsintheseranges,calibrationsofthe frequencyresponse(orimpulseresponse) ofdetectorsandanaloganddigitalre... Open at page → 124 Page 124 1064nmQ-switched), (4)diodelaser (825nmto833nm),(5)carbondioxide (10.6(xm)and(6)KrFexcimer (248nm). LaserPowerandEnergyMeasurement AssuranceProgram(MAP)(42120M) TheMeasurementAssuranceProgram (MAP)isavailableatthewavelen... Open at page → 125 Page 125 42110C-42180S oftheMAPprocess,acalibrationreport thatsummarizesthemeasurementsand associateduncertainties issenttothe participant. Low-LevelLaserRadiometerCalibra- tionsandMeasurementAssurance Program(MAP)(42150M) NISTha... Open at page → 126 Page 126 SpecialTestforLinearityMeasure- mentsofLaserandOpticalFiber PowerMeters(orDetectorsUsed withLasers)(42163S) Linearityofopticalfiberpowermeters anddetectorsusedwithlaserscanbe measuredatthethreenominalwave- lengthregionso... Open at page → 127 Page 127 421lOC- ASystemforMeasuringTheCharacter- isticsofHighPeakPowerDetectorsof PulsedCO2Radiation, P.A.Simpson, Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.),TechNote 1023(Sept.1980). QualityAssuranceProgramfortheNBS C,K,andQLaserCalibrationSys- tem... Open at page → 128 Page 128 Chapter A RadioactivitySources BNeutronSourcesandNeutronDosimetry CDosimetryofX-Rays,Gamma-Rays,andElectrons DDosimetryforHigli-DoseApplications Open at page → 129 Page 129 IonizingRadiationMeasurements A RadioactivitySources TechnicalContacts: M.P.Unterweger AllServices Tel:30iy97S-5536 Email:munterweger@ nistgov JeffreyT.Cessna 43010C,43020C, 43060C,43070S 1tl:301/975-5539 Email:jcessna@... Open at page → 130 Page 130 43010C-43090S Packagingforallsourcesmustbein compliancewithDOTandNRC regulations.Copiesofregulationsmay beobtainedfromOperationsDivision, OfficeofHazardousMaterials,Depart- mentofTransportation,Washington, DC20950.Postal... Open at page → 131 Page 131 43010C-43090S Table8.2.Specifications forCalibrationofGamma-Ray- EmittingRadionuclidesHavingHalfLivesLessThan15Days Radio- nuclide Typical Relative Expanded Uncer- tainty""" SuggestedChemicalForm'' Activity Range"" (MBq)... Open at page → 132 Page 132 43010C-43090S Table8.4.Specifications forSpecialTestsof Beta-Particle-Emitting SolutionSources Kaoio* nuclide lypicai unccriainiy (%) SuggestedChemicalComposition"" Carrier Solution 0.7 H2O H2O '"C 1.0 NajCOj 0.001mol/L,... Open at page → 133 Page 133 44010C-44100S 5. NeutronSourcesandNeutronDosimetry JamesM.Adams AllServicesExcept 44060C 1tl:301/975-6205 Email:adams@nistgov TechnicalContacts: AlanK.Thompson 44060C,44100S ftl:301/975-4666 Email:alan.thompson@ni$t.gov... Open at page → 134 Page 134 SpecialTestsofNeutronSourcesand Dosimeters(44100S) Othertestsofdosimetryinstrumentation maybeundertakenbyspecialarrange- mentwiththeIonizingRadiationDivi- sion.Inparticularforpersonnel protectioninstruments,athermalbeam... Open at page → 135 Page 135 44010C-44100S NationalStandardsforNeutronMeasure- ments,J.A.Grundl,Proc.ofa MeetingonTraceabilityforIonizing RadiationMeasurements, Natl.Bur. Stand.(U.S.),NBSSpec.Publ.609 (Feb.1982). UtilizationofStandardandReference Ne... Open at page → 136 Page 136 46010C-48020S C. DosimetryofX-Rays,Gamma-Rays, andElectrons TechnicalContacts: StevenM.Seltzer AllServices Tel:301/975-5552 Einail:s.$eltzer@ nist^ov JileenShobe 46010C^t6050S, 47010C^7011C Tel:301/975-5595 Emaihjileen.s... Open at page → 137 Page 137 46010C-48020S totheappropriatetechnicalcontacts Hstedatthebeginningofthissection. Theinquirermustprovidethenameand telephonenumberofanindividualwho cananswertechnicalquestionsthatmay ariseinanyinquiry,order,orshipment. U... Open at page → 138 Page 138 Table8.6.Tungsten-AnodeX-RayandGamma-RayBeam-QualityParameters Beam AddedFilter Half-Value Homogeneity Code Layer Coefficient AlCuSnPb AlCu Al Cu (mm)(mm)(mm)(mm)(mm)(mm) Effective Air-KermaRate Energy Min. Max. (keV) ((... Open at page → 139 Page 139 460lOC- Tbble8.7.Tungsten-AnodeISOX-RayBeamQuality Parameters(available1998) Beam AddedFilter Half-ValueHomogeneity Code Layer Coefficient Al (mm) Cu (mm) Sn Pb A! (mm)(mm)(mm) Cu (mm) Al Cu HKIO 0.15 0.0360.01088 90 HK2... Open at page → 140 Page 140 46010C-48020S Table8.8.MammographyX-RayBeam-Quality Parameters lube Added Half-Value Homogeneity Beam Voltage Filter Layer Coefficient Code (kVp) (mm) (mmAl) (Al) ]VtoAnode Mo/Mo23 23 yj.yjDZ,iviu O.Z/I 70 Mo/Mo25 25 yj,... Open at page → 141 Page 141 46010C-48020S Calibrationintermsofairkerma strength(airkermarateinfreespace timesthesquareofthedistanceofthe calibrationpointfromthesourcecenter alongtheperpendicularbisector) is providedforgamma-raysourcesof cobalt-60,c... Open at page → 142 Page 142 Themeasurementprocedurewithalanine dosimeters isundergoingrefinement;for thecurrentprocedure,thecorresponding estimateoftherelativeexpandeduncer- tainty*is2.3%. References—DosimetryofXRays, GammaRays,andElectrons C.lX-Ra... Open at page → 143 Page 143 460IOC:-48020S StandardizationofCesium- 137Gamma- RaySourcesinTermsofExposure Units(Roentgens),T.RLoftus,J.Res. Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.),74A, 1 (1970). C.3DosimetryofHigh-Energy ElectronBeams NBSMeasurementServices:Fricke D... Open at page → 144 Page 144 49010C-49050S D. DosimetryforHigh-DoseApplications TechnicalContacts: StephenM.Seltzer Ttl:301/975-5552 Email:s.$eltzer@ nisLgov Fax:301/869-7682 MarcF.Desrosiers Ttl:301/975-5639 Email:marc. desrosiers@nistgov JamesM.I^... Open at page → 145 Page 145 49010C-49050S SpecialTestsofDosimeters: Spectrophotometric Reading (49040S^9041S) Dosimetersmaybereadatseveral specificultravioletorvisibleoptical wavelengthsorasaspectralscanoveran appropriatewavelengthregionofinterest.... Open at page → 146 Page 146 Chapter A ResistanceMeasurements BImpedanceMeasurements(ExceptResistors) 0VoltageMeasurements DPrecisionRatioMeasurements EPhaseMetersandStandardsandVORMeasurements FPowerandEnergyMeasurements,Low-Frequency GRF,Microwave... Open at page → 147 Page 147 ElectromagneticMeasurements 511(XJS-51163C #1 ResistanceMeasurements A.IDCResistanceStandardsand Measurements TechnicalContacts: RonaldF.Dziuba Tel:301/975-4239 Email:rdziuba@ nistgov RandolphE.Elmquist Ttl:301/975-6591... Open at page → 148 Page 148 SpecialDCResistanceMeasurements, byPrearrangement(51100S) Testingorevaluationofprototyperesis- tancestandardsormeasuringinstru- ments;uniqueresistancemeasurements; andothercalibrationservicesnot specifiedbelow,suchasthed... Open at page → 149 Page 149 51100S-51163C l^ble9.2.CalibrationUncertaintiesforDCResistance Standards Nominal Relative Nominal Maximum Expanded lest Resistance ierminal Power Uncertainty* Connpotion 51130C 1(Thomas) 4 10 0.05 51131C 10"(Special) 5 1... Open at page → 150 Page 150 orlessarecalibrated.Themaximumtest currentavailable is2000A.Theuncer- taintyofmeasurementdependslargely upontheperformanceofthecustomer's resistorinvolved. References—DCResistance NISTMeasurementServicesforDC StandardRes... Open at page → 151 Page 151 4 ResistanceMeasurements A.2High-VoltageStandardResistors TechnicalContacts: MartinMisakian Ttl:301/975-2426 Email:mmisakian@ nistgov JamesK.Oltlioff Tel:301/975-2431 Email:jolthofr@ nisLgov DeniseD.Prather Administratio... Open at page → 152 Page 152 51310S A ResistanceMeasurements A.3High-FrequencyStandardResistors TechnicalContacts: GeorgeM.Free Ttl:303/497-3609 Email:gfree@nistgov PaulaM.Hewitt Administrationand Logistics Ttl:303/497-3753 Email:paula.liewitt@nist.... Open at page → 153 Page 153 52110S-52181C B. ImpedanceMeasurements(ExceptResistors) B.1Low-FrequencyCapacitanceand InductanceMeasurementsandStandards TechnicalContacts: Y.MayChang Tfel:301/975-4237 Email:ychang@ nisLgov SummerfieldB.Tillett Tel:301... Open at page → 154 Page 154 impedancemeasurements(suchasthe caHbrationofdecadeorvariable capacitancestandards),atthediscretion ofNISTtechnicalexperts.Component capacitors,inductors,andresistorsare notconsideredfortestingbyNIST unlesstheirperformanc... Open at page → 155 Page 155 52110S-52181C Oil-bathtype,fused-silicadielectric capacitorsarecalibratedinanNISToil bathmaintainedat(25±0.01)°C,ifthe normaltemperatureofuseforthese capacitors isapproximately25°C.Ifthe capacitorsaresuppliedwithbuilt-in... Open at page → 156 Page 156 thecapacitor.ThoseusedbyNISTare GENRADType274-Pplugs.If,after calibrationwiththeseplugs,thecapacitor isusedwithplugsofevenslightlydiffer- entlengthandbase,thecapacitancecan differsignificantlyfromthatreported, andsuchdif... Open at page → 157 Page 157 52110S-52181C Table9.3.CalibrationUncertaintiesforCapacitanceStandardswithCoaxialConnectors ServiceID Terminal Nominal RelativeExpandedUncertainties* (xl(r*) INO. Dielectric Connection Capacitance PrpniiPiirv (p*) 100Hz... Open at page → 158 Page 158 Table9.4.CalibrationUncertainties forCapacitanceStandardswithTerminal(Banana)Plugs Service Dielec- ID. trie No. Terminal Connec- tion Nominal Capaci- tance ExpandedUncertainties* Capacitance Conductance Frequency 66Hzto... Open at page → 159 Page 159 52110S-52181C CalibrationofInductanceStandardsin theMaxwell-WeinBridgeCircuit,!.L. Zapf,J.Res.Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.), 65C(3)(Sept.1961). CapacitanceBridgeNBSType2,R.D. Cutkosky,Natl.Bur.Stand.(U.S.), Report7103(Mar.1961).... Open at page → 160 Page 160 52210S-52310S S ImpedanceMeasurements(ExceptResistors) B.2High-FrequencyStandardCapacitors andInductors TechnicalContacts: GeorgeM.Free PaulaM.Hewitt Tel:303/497-3609 AdministrationandLogistics Email:gfree@nist.gov Tel:3... Open at page → 161 Page 161 52210S-52310S Theminimumrelativeexpanded uncertainty* is0.01%forthehigh accuracydeviceand0.1%fortheother othercalibrations. ReportsofCaHbrationforcapacitors normallydonotgiveconductanceval- uesbecausetheconductancevalues... Open at page → 162 Page 162 52400C B. ImpedanceMeasurements(ExceptResistors) B.3Power-Frequency Capacitors EricD.Simmon Tel:301/975-3956 Email:esimmon@nist.gov TechnicalContacts: JamesK.OlthofT Tel:301/97S-2431 Email:jolthofr@nisLgov DeniscD.Prathe... Open at page → 163 Page 163 52710C-52711C B ImpedanceMeasurements(ExceptResistors) B.4e -Standards TechnicalContacts: References — Q-Standards StandardsfortheCalibrationof G-Meters,50kHzto45MHz, R.N.Jones,J.Res.Natl.Bur.Stand. (U.S.),58C(4),243(Oct... Open at page → 164 Page 164 53110S-53190S a VoltageMeasurements C.1DCVoltageMeasurements andStandards TechnicalContacts: JuneE.Sims TO:301/975-4238 Eniail:june.siins@nistgov Yi-huaTUng Tel:301/975-4691 Email:ytang@nisLgov DeniseD.Prather Administra... Open at page → 165 Page 165 531lOS- Themeasurementuncertaintyachieved inthisservicecontainsprimarilyrandom errors.Themajorcomponentsofrandom errorcanbeattributedto: A.Day-to-dayfluctuationsintem- perature-corrected cellemfscausedby temperature-hyst... Open at page → 166 Page 166 B.Saturatedstandardcellsofthe shippabletypehousedinportablether- moregulatedenclosuresshouldbepacked carefullyandshippedunderpowerif possible.Anyliquid-in-glassthermome- termountedinsuchadeviceshouldbe removedandprovided... Open at page → 167 Page 167 5311OS;-53190S Solid-StateVoltageReference Standards(53160Cand53161C) Solid-statevoltagestandardswithoutputs intherangefrom 1Vto10Varecali- bratedusingaself-calibratingautomated systemwhichscalestoanymultipleupto 10Vof1.... Open at page → 168 Page 168 53200S-53203S C. VoltageMeasurements C.2ACVoltageMeasurements TechnicalContacts: NileM.Oldham MarkE.Parker Tel:301/975-2408 'Itl:301A>75-2413 Email:noldham@nist.gov Email:mparker@nist.gov DenisePrather Administrationand... Open at page → 169 Page 169 531lOS1-53190S Table9.6.25-PointStandardDMMTest Point Function Magnitude Frequency Relative (kHz) Expanded Uncertainty* (X10^) 1 DCVoltage 0.1V 4 2 DCVoltage 1V 2 3 DCVoltage 10V 1 4 DCVoltage 100V 2 5 ACVoltage 0.1V 0.3... Open at page → 170 Page 170 53310S-53352C C. VoltageMeasurements C.3AC-DCThermalVoltageandCurrent Converters(to1MHz) TechnicalContacts: JosephR.Kinard ThomasE.Lipe Tel:301/975-4250 Tel:301/975-425 1 Email:joseph.kjnard@ Email:thoma$.lipe@ nistgov n... Open at page → 171 Page 171 53310S-53352C AC-DCDifferenceCalibrationofa StandardorStandardsSet (VoltageorCurrent)(53350C-53352C) Thisservicecoversthecalibrationof thermalvoltageandcurrentconverters, acshunts,andprimarystandardther- moelementscoveri... Open at page → 172 Page 172 53310S-53352C References—AC-DCThermal Converters(to1MHz) ExtensionoftheNISTAC-DCDiffer- enceCalibrationServiceforcurrentto 100kHz,J.R.Kinard,T.E.Lipe,and C.B.childers,J.Res.Nad.Inst.Stand. Technol.102(1),75(Jan.-Feb.1997... Open at page → 173 Page 173 53405S-53445S C VoltageMeasurements C.4RF-DCThermalVoltageandCurrent Converters(100Hz-1GHz) TechnicalContacts: GeorgeM.Free EarleS.Pittman PaulaM.HewiR 'Ilel:30a/497-3609 T?l:303/497-5593 AdministrationandLogistics Eniai... Open at page → 174 Page 174 53405S-53445S Thequantitymeasuredbythiscalibration serviceistherf-dcdifference,definedas thepercentagedifferencebetweentherf anddcinputvoltagesrequiredtoproduce thesamethermocoupleoutput,e.g., RF-DCDifference(%) = d£X100... Open at page → 175 Page 175 53405S-53445S 5MHz,calibrationsat50kHzand 5MHzwouldsufficetodetermineinter- polatedpointsofinterestbetween50kHz and5MHz,withnoappreciablelossof accuracy.Uncertaintiesareshownin Table9.11. Anrf-dcdifferenceofabout5%at 1MH... Open at page → 176 Page 176 53500S C. VoltageMeasurements C.5DataConverters(53500S) TechnicalContacts: JohnP.Deyst 1tl:301/975-2437 Email:jdeyst@ nistgov T.MichaelSouders 1tl:301A>75-2406 Email:t.souders@ nistgov DenisePrather AdministrationandLogi... Open at page → 177 Page 177 54110S-54131C D. PrecisionRatioMeasurements D.1InductiveDividers TechnicalContacts: NormanB.Belecki TO:301/975-4223 Email:nbelecki@ nistgov AndrewJ.Secula "^1:301/975-4243 Email:asecula@ nist.gov DeniseB.Prather Administ... Open at page → 178 Page 178 References—InductiveDividers AmericanNationalStandardforDecade TransformerDividers(VoltageType), ANSICI00,1-1972Amer.Natl. Stand.Inst.,NewYork,NY(Jan. 1972). InstructionsfortheUseoftheNBSRef- erenceInductiveDivider,Wilbu... Open at page → 179 Page 179 54210C-54214S D. PrecisionRatioMeasurements D.2ResistiveDividers TechnicalContacts: MartinMisakian (DCMeasurements) Ttl:301/975-2426 Email:mmisakian@ nistgov GeraldJ.FitePatrick (60-Hz/PulsedMeasurements) 1^1:301/975-273... Open at page → 180 Page 180 designedtobeusedastransferstandards mayhavetobeequippedwithexternal shieldingtominimizetheeffectsof capacitivecouplingtosurrounding objects. Ifthedeviceisnotproperlyshielded, theeffectsofproximitytosurrounding objectsand... Open at page → 181 Page 181 54210C-54214S accesstothedivider.Thedesignofmany high-voltagedividersmakesthemvulner- abletoshear-typeforces,soprovisions shouldbemadetominimizethelikeli- hoodofdamageduetosuchforceswhen thedeviceisintheshippingcontainer... Open at page → 182 Page 182 54310S-54311S D, PrecisionRatioMeasurements D.3CapacitiveDividers TechnicalContacts: GeraldJ.FitzPatrick (60Hz/Pulsed Measurements) Tel:301/!>7S-2737 Email:gfitzpatrick@nist.gov JamesK.Oltlioff Tel:301/975-2431 EmaiI:jol... Open at page → 183 Page 183 D. PrecisionRatioMeasurements D.4MixedDividers TechnicalContacts: GeraldJ.Fitzpatrick TbI:3017975-2737 Email:gritzpatrick@nist.gov JamesK.OlthofT Tel:301/975-2431 Email:jolthofT@nistgov DeniseD.Prather Administrationand... Open at page → 184 Page 184 54510C-54600S D. PrecisionRatioMeasurements D.5VoltageandCurrentTransformers TechnicalContacts: EricD.Simmon (VoltageTransformers) 1fel:301/975-3956 Email:esimmon@ nistgov ThomasL.Nelson (CurrentTWinsformers) Tel:301/975... Open at page → 185 Page 185 545IOC- CurrentTransformers (54520C-54522C) NormallyNISTcalibratesonlycurrent transformersofhighqualityforuseas referencestandards.TheNISTequipment isdesignedtotestcurrenttransformers witharatedsecondarycurrentof5A, with... Open at page → 186 Page 186 B.Thereisasignificanttechnicalor economicjustificationfortraceabilityof thetestontheitemtonationalstandards. C.Therehasnotbeenaroutineor recurrentneedforthetest. References—VoltageandCurrent Transformers ACalibrationServ... Open at page → 187 Page 187 55110S-55141C £ PhaseMetersandStandardsandVOR Measurements TechnicalContacts: NileM.Oldham 'Ifel:30I/5>75-2408 Eniail:noldhain@nist.gov MarkE.Parker TbI:301/975-2413 Email:mparker@nist.gov DeniseD.Prather Administrationa... Open at page → 188 Page 188 Althoughtheaccuracyofthephaseangle standarddoesnotrelyonthestabilityof thefrequency,thegeneratedoutput, whichcanbevariedinstepsof1Hz,is lockedtoacrystal-controlled frequency synthesizer. Specialrequirementsforthisservice... Open at page → 189 Page 189 56110S-56220S PowerandEnergyMeasurements, Low-Frequency TechnicalContacts: ThomasL.Nelson Tbl:301/975-2986 Eniail:tnelson@ nistgov LisaS.Snider 1tl:301/975-4688 Eniail:Isnider@nistgov DeniseD.Prather AdministrationandLog... Open at page → 190 Page 190 Priortothecalibration,themetersare energizedforbetween 1hand4hat ratedvoltageandcurrentononerange.A calibrationconsistsofatleasttwosetsof measurementstakenoveraminimum periodof2d. Forwattmeters,thevaluesofthe reportedcor... Open at page → 191 Page 191 5611OSi-56220S References—PowerandEnergy Measurements,LowFrequency DigitallySynthesizedPowerCalibration Source,N.M.Oldham,O.B.Laug, andB.C.Waltrip,IEEETrans. Instrum.Meas.IM-36(2),341(June 1987). NBSWidebandSamplingWattm... Open at page → 192 Page 192 61110S-61190S G. RF,MicrowaveandMillimeter-Wave Measurements G.1ThermistorMounts TechnicalContacts: JohnR.Juroshek Tel:303/497-5362 Email:jjuroshek@ nistgov RonaldA.Ginley Tel:303/497-3634 Email:rginley@ nistgov FredR.Cl... Open at page → 193 Page 193 611105-611908 GeneralInformation Calibrationservicesareavailableforther- mistormountswithGPC-7,TypeN,and 3.5mmcoaxialconnectorsandseveral waveguidesizes(8.2GHzto96GHz). Assistance isavailableforapplying published,technic... Open at page → 194 Page 194 61110S-61190S 08 t- z UJ o (C0.6 UJ Q. Z0.4 < Ui o z D 02 - 001 Uncertaintiesfortheeffectiveeffi- ciencyandcalibrationfactordependon thefrequencyandthecharacteristicsof theunitbeingcalibratedsuchasconnec- tortype,reflect... Open at page → 195 Page 195 61110S-61190S High-PowerWattmeter(61160S) ASpecialTestserviceisavailablefor continuouswave(CW)highpower wattmeters.Measurementsareavail- ableatseveralfrequenciesfrom 1MHz to30MHz(1Wto1000W)and 30MHzto400MHz(1Wto500W). Wa... Open at page → 196 Page 196 -~ 61210S-61297S G. RF,Microwave,andMillimeter-Wave Measurements G.2ScatteringParametersofPassive Multi-PortDevices TechnicalContacts: JohnR.Juroshek RonaldA.Ginley PaulaM.Hewitt 1^1:303/497-5362 Tel:303/497-3634 Adminis... Open at page → 197 Page 197 61210S-61297S Service IDNo. Items Thefollowingtestsareforone-portdeviceswithwaveguide connectors.SeeTable9.18forMeasurementRanges andUncertainties. 61280S WR90RectangularWaveguide 6128IS AdditionalOne-PortDeviceattheSame... Open at page → 198 Page 198 Similardefinitionsexistforsingleport devicessuchasterminationsandoffset shorts.Aoneportdevicecanbethought ofasthespecialcaseofatwoport devicewhere =S21=0.Thevoltage reflectioncoefficientforaoneport deviceiscommonlygivena... Open at page → 199 Page 199 61210S-61297S Table9.16.MeasurementRangesandUncertaintiesfor WaveguideTwo-PortDevices Waveguide Frequency Intervals Attenuation Expanded Band Range Range Uncertainty* (GHz) (dB) (dB) WR90 8.2to12.4 200MHz Oto60 0.02to0.2... Open at page → 200 Page 200 61210S-61297S Table9.18.MeasurementRangesandUncertaintiesfor WaveguideOne-PortDevices Wnvppiiilip Frpniipnrv Tntprvfilc 1.11I^VlVC119 Band Range Uncertainty* (GHz) 1Silland 1S22I (dB) WR90 8.2to12.4 200MHz 0.005 WR62 12.... Open at page → 201 Page 201 61310S-61350S G. RF,Microwave,andMillimeter-Wave Measurements G.3HighAccuracyAttenuation Measurements TechnicalContacts: RonaldA.Ginley 1^1:303/497-3634 Email:rginley@nistgov JeffA.Jargon TbI:303/497-3596 Email:jjargon@n... Open at page → 202 Page 202 IfPriisthereferencepowerlevelwhen thebi-leveloutputisatlevel1(Pbi),and Pr2isthereferencepowerlevelwhenthe bi-leveloutputisatlevel2{Pbi),thenthe parametermeasured isgivenbythe followingequation: 101og,o(^)-101og,o(^), dB... Open at page → 203 Page 203 61410S-61495S G. RF,Microwave,andMillimeter-Wave Measurements G.4ThermalNoiseMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JamesP.Randa TleI:303/497-31S0 Email:jranda@nist.gov ChrissJones 1^1:303/497-5958 Email:jones@boulder. nisLgov... Open at page → 204 Page 204 Themeasurementuncertaintyvaries withnoisetemperature,reflectioncoeffi- cient,andsourceandconnectorstability. Therelativeexpandeduncertainty* typicallyliesbetween0.9%and1.5% ofthenoisetemperature. SpecialNoiseTemperatureM... Open at page → 205 Page 205 GRF, MicrowaveandMillimeterWave Measurements G.5DimensionalVeriflcationof CoaxialAirLineStandards TechnicalContacts: GeorgeM.Free JohnR.Juroshek GlenV.Sherwood Tel:303/497-3609 Tel:303/497-S362 Tel:303/497-3939 Email:gfr... Open at page → 206 Page 206 61620S-61640S GRF, Microwave,andMillimeterWave Measurements ,G.6DielectricandMagneticMaterial Measurements TechnicalContacts: ClaudeM.Weil AndrewG.Repjar PaulaM.Hewitt Tel:303/497-5305 Tel:303/497-5703 Administrativeand... Open at page → 207 Page 207 61620S-61640S References—DielectricandMagnetic MaterialMeasurements ComplexPermeabilityofDemagnetized MicrowaveFerritesNearandAbove GyromagneticResonance, J.Krupkaet al,IEEETrans.Mag.32(3)pp.1924- 1933(May1996). Dielectr... Open at page → 208 Page 208 63100S-63400S H. Electromagnetic FieldStrength andAntennaMeasurements H.1MicrowaveAntennaParameter Measurements TechnicalContacts: AndrewG.Repjar (63100S-63400S) Tel:303/497-5703 Eniail:arepjar@nist.gov KatherineMacReyno... Open at page → 209 Page 209 63100S-634(X)S MeasurementofPattern,Gain,and PolarizationofArbitraryAntennas UsingNear-FieldScanning Techniques(63200S) Withthistechnique,gain,pattern,and polarizationparametersarecalculated fromnear-fieldamplitudeandpha... Open at page → 210 Page 210 Improvements inPolarizationMeasure- mentsofCircularlyPolarizedProbes, A.C.Newell,D.RKremer,J.R. Guerrieri,ProceedingsoftheAntenna MeasurementTechniquesAssociation, pp.1-30through1-35(October1989). AntennaCalibratingStand... Open at page → 211 Page 211 64100S-64300S H. Electromagnetic FieldStrength andAntennaMeasurements H.2FieldStrengthParameter Measurements TechnicalContacts: KennethH.Cavcey 1^1:303/497-3995 Email:cavcey@ni$t.gov MotohisaKanda Tel:303/497-5320 Eniail... Open at page → 212 Page 212 641008-643008 Table9.19.8ummaryofNI8T8tandardField8trength Facilities Typeof Radiating Field IVleasureinent Frpniipnpv Parameter Facility Range Source u n Wnnrt Trtr\OH(^t-r»\ Loop Liu) building 50MHz E(vertiCtil) ^_/pcn... Open at page → 213 Page 213 65100S-654O0S /. PulseWaveformMeasurements TechnicalContacts: JohnP.Deyst 1fel:301/97S-2437 Email:john.deyst@nistgov T.MichaelSouders 1tl:301A>75-2406 Einail:tsouders@nist.gov DeniseD.Prather Administrationand Logistics... Open at page → 214 Page 214 65100S-65400S Table9.20.NISTImpulseGeneratorSpectrum AmplitudeMeasurementServiceCapabilities Parameter Limits Notes Maximumimpulse amplitudewithout attenuators Maximumimpulse amplitudewith externalattenuators S(f)range S... Open at page → 215 Page 215 6510OS-654OOS RestrictionsandNotes: 1.Customer'sdevicemustgeneratea repetitivepulsewithrepetitionrate between100Hzand1GHz. Alternatively,NISTcanprovidea rangeoftriggersignals. 2.Customer'sdevicemusthavea nominaloutputimp... Open at page → 216 Page 216 RestrictionsandNotes: 1.Allmeasurements areperformed witha50ninputimpedance.The inputconnector isafemaleSMA type.Thesamplingprobeiscon- necteddirecdytotheoutputcon- nectorofthewaveformsource;no interveningcablesareusedun... Open at page → 217 Page 217 651fX)S-65400S Restrictions: 1.Customer'sdevicemustutilize precisioncoaxialconnectorsfor bothdelayports,e.g.,SMA, APC-7,TypeN,APC-3.5,etc. 2.Customershouldprovidethedriv- ingpulsegeneratorifpossible. Firsttransitiondurat... Open at page → 218 Page 218 BroadcastandMeasurementServices CharacterizationofOscillators Open at page → 219 Page 219 TimeandFrequencyMeasurements 76100S-76110S A. BroadcastandMeasurementServices TechnicalContacts: MiahaelA. Lombard! (Frequency) 1^1:303/497-3212 Emaihmichael. lombardi@nisLgov MarcA.Weiss (Time) Ttl:303/497-3261 Emaihmar... Open at page → 220 Page 220 Internetclientinseveralformats includingtheDaytime(RFC-867), Time(RFC-868),andNetworkTime Protocol(NTP,RFC-1305).The serviceisbeingexpandedanduses multipletimeservers(callforcurrent serveraddresses). FrequencyMeasurement... Open at page → 221 Page 221 77100C-77140S B. Characterization ofOscillators TechnicalContacts: FredL.Walls 1fel:303/497-3207 Email:fred.walls@ nistgov JamesE.Gray Ttl:303/497-3209 Einail:jaine$.gray@ nistgov PaulaHewitt AdministrationandLogistics 1... Open at page → 222 Page 222 Characterization ofOscillatorsand Amplifiers:PhaseNoiseinthe FrequencyDomain(77130C) Forfrequenciesof5MHzto26GHz, phasemodulation(PM)noise5^(/)of singleoscillatorsandamplifierscanbe determinedforFourierfrequencyoffsets f... Open at page → 223 Page 223 77](X)C-77140S 1MHzfromthecarrierfrequency.The calibratedPMorAMnoiseistypically constantwithFourierfrequencyoffsetto ±0.2dBoutto100MHz.Aftereach calibrationareportisissuedwhichcerti- fiesthatthespecificmeasurement system... Open at page → 225 Page 225 ALPHABETICALCROSS-INDEX Item ServiceID Numberor OtherReference Absolutepressuretransducers 30010C-3001IC Accelerometers 24010C-24060S Ac-dcthermalconverters(toIMHz) 53350C-53352C Ac-dcthermalconverters(100Hzto1GHz) 53405... Open at page → 226 Page 226 Capacitors,dielectric 52130C Capacitors,highfrequency 52210S-52221S Capacitors,lowfrequency 52110S-52171C Capacitors,powerfrequency 524(X)C Coaxialairlinestandards 6151OS Coaxialattenuators 61210S-61211C Coaxialterminati... Open at page → 227 Page 227 Dosimeters,spectrophotometric reading 49040S-49041S Dosimeters,x-ray,gamma-ray,andelectron 46010C-48020S Dosimetry,neutron 44010C-44100S Earphones 25070S Electromagnetic field-strengthparametermeasurements 641005-643005... Open at page → 228 Page 228 High-frequency standardcapacitorsandinductors 52210S-52310S High-frequency standardresistors 51310S High-vacuumgages 30029C-30038C High-voltage resistors 51210C Humiditymeasurements 36010C-36070S Hydrometers 160IOC Hygro... Open at page → 229 Page 229 MEASUREMENTASSURANCEPROGRAMS Dcresistance 5111OM Dcvoltage 53120M Doseinterpretationofferrous-ferricdosimeters 48010M-4801IM Laserpowerandenergy 42120M,42140M 42150M Mass 22180M Platinumresistancethermometry 33370M-33380... Open at page → 230 Page 230 Pickupsensitivity 24010C-24030C, 24050S Pistongages,controlledclearance 29020C Pistongages,deadweight 290IOC Pitot-statictubes 190IOC Platinumresistancethermometers 33010C-33310C Plugandringgages 12010C-12020S Pluggages... Open at page → 231 Page 231 Reflectioncoefficients,coaxandwaveguideterminals 61310S-61350S Resistancemeasurements,dc 511(X)S-51163C Resistancethermometers 33010C-33310C Resistivevoltagedividers 54210C-54214S Resistors,highfrequency 51310S Resistors... Open at page → 232 Page 232 Thermalvoltageandcurrentconverters(100Hz-1GHz) 53405S-53445S Thermalvoltageconverters(to1MHz) 53350C-53352C Thermistormounts 611lOS-61155S Thermocouplesandthermocouplematerials 32010C-32150S Thermometers,Beckmaim 31180S... Open at page → 233 Page 233 Voltagedividers,inductive 54110S-54131C Voltagedividers,mixed 5441OS Voltagedividers,resistive 54210C-54214S Voltagereferencestandards,solidstate 53160C-53161C Voltmeters,highaccuracy,ac 53200S Volumestandards 17010C-170... Open at page → 235 Page 235 III[HSUII[m[flT S[IIVIC[S TraceabililyandAccuracy ConformilvAssessment [ducation ResearchFacilities GuestResearcfiers Conferences Publications InterlaboratoryComparisons Consultations CooperativeResearctiandDevelopmentAo... Open at page →