Knowledge

Metrology Dictionary

The complete VIM vocabulary — all numbered concepts of JCGM 200:2012 as faithful paraphrases with clause citations — plus clearly labeled practice terms from the GUM, ILAC, ISO and NIST guidance.

Random measurement error

The component of measurement error that varies unpredictably in replicate measurements, characterized by a distribution usually summarized by its standard deviation.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.19 · General

Range of a nominal indication interval

The absolute difference between the extreme values of a nominal indication interval — 200 V for the −100 V to +100 V setting.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 4.5 · Instruments

Rated operating condition

An operating condition that must be fulfilled during measurement for an instrument to perform as designed — the environmental and use envelope the specs assume.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 4.9 · Instruments

Reference data

Data related to a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance — or to a system of components of known composition or structure — obtained from an identified source, critically evaluated, and verified for accuracy.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.16 · Standards & Units

Reference material

Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with reference to specified properties, established to be fit for its intended use in measurement or in examination of nominal properties.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.13 · Standards & Units

Reference measurement procedure

A procedure accepted as providing results fit for assessing the trueness of values obtained from other procedures for the same kind of quantity.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.7 · General

Reference measurement standard

A standard designated for the calibration of other standards for quantities of a given kind in an organization or at a location — a laboratory's best standard.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.6 · Standards & Units

Reference operating condition

An operating condition prescribed for evaluating the performance of an instrument or for comparing results — the 23 °C ± 1 °C line at the top of a datasheet.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 4.11 · Instruments

Reference quantity value

A quantity value used as a basis for comparison with values of quantities of the same kind — a true value, a conventional value, or a standard's certified value, depending on context.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 5.18 · Standards & Units

Relative standard measurement uncertainty

A standard uncertainty divided by the absolute value of the measured quantity value — the form specifications and CMCs often quote (parts in 10⁶, percent of reading).

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.32 · Uncertainty

Repeatability condition of measurement

A condition set that includes the same procedure, operators, measuring system, operating conditions, and location, with replicates over a short period.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.20 · Statistics

Reproducibility condition of measurement

A condition set that includes different locations, operators, and measuring systems applying the same procedure to the same or similar objects.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 2.24 · Statistics

Resolution

The smallest change in the quantity being measured that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. Digital resolution contributes a rectangular uncertainty component of (δ/2)/√3.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 4.14 · Instruments

Resolution of a displaying device

The smallest difference between displayed indications that can be meaningfully distinguished — for a digital display, one count of the least significant digit.

VIM (JCGM 200:2012) 4.15 · Instruments